Jeudi 4 avril 2024 à 17h : Sophie Scott-Brown (St Andrews) – The Impolitics of Internationalism: The International Society for Socialist Studies (1955-1956)
The International Society for Socialist Studies (ISSS)was formally launched at a conference in Paris, 23-25 March 1956. It was the fruit of efforts by veteran British socialist GDH Cole in co-operation with the great and the good of Europe’s left. Disappointed with the Soviet Experiment and welfarist Labourism in his own country, Cole believed the left needed to be weaned from the narrow nationalistic interests of politicians and reset on the universal principles of peace and anti-colonialism. Organising this should entail an ambitious, genuinely international endeavour, a great collaboration co-ordinated by a council comprised of people from different countries but not representing those countries. This council would not set down a programme or doctrine but manage an international network allowing members to learn of and support projects, protests, and activities across borders.
Cole’s idea was eagerly taken up and the Paris conference seemed to confirm that a bright new force had entered the European political arena. For two days delegates gave passionate speeches pledging whole hearted support from the left in their own countries. Cole was satisfied, a wonderful start had been made, but he was also unwell and spent much of the time he was not called to the platform in his hotel room. While he rested upstairs, a very different kind of conference was taking place below, one which highlighted the very real limits of his vision and the form that he saw it in.
In this talk, I first discuss the ‘front stage’ of the conference, the ideals Cole and fellow delegates were ready to formally affirm. I then go ‘backstage’ and show how the private discussions between members undermined the principles they publicly espoused. It will be of no surprise that political people are duplicitous, but considering this conference closely highlights the key tensions in the post-war European left, spotlighting the fault lines which hampered efforts for socialist regeneration across Europe. Cole believed socialism in a globalised world must be prepared to ‘act local and think global’. Paris ’56 showed was that the European left were only prepared to talk global and think local. While this reduced their capacity for co-operation in spring 1956, experiencing this spectacle first hand had a powerful impact on future New Left activists like the Jamaican student Stuart Hall.
Sophie Scott-Brown is a research fellow at St Andrew’s Institute of Intellectual History, specialising in the history of activism and radical politics. She is the author of Radical Fifties: Activist Politics in Cold War Britain (OUP, forthcoming), Colin Ward and the Art of Everyday Anarchism (Routledge, 2022), and The histories of Raphael Samuel: Portrait of a People’s Historian (ANU, 2017). Her work has also appeared in Journal of the History of Ideas, Modern Intellectual History, Journal of European History of Ideas, Global Intellectual History and British Journal of Educational Studies. She is currently working on the ‘The Artful Science: Transatlantic Dialogues on Activism and Radical Democracy 1945-1963’.